In the next Frankfurt , Peugeot and Total hall they will present the 208 Hybrid Fe , a full Hybrid gasoline, with a high level of benefits: 8 seconds from 0 to 100 km and 49 g CO2/km in the European NEDC cycle (mixed cycle). To achieve it at the aerodynamic level, the SCX have reduced by 25%, they have lightened the weight by 20%, the consumption by 10% and have recovered 25% of the energy in each cycle.
Since 1995, Peugeot and Total work together to achieve a significant reduction in fuel consumption, CO2 and TCO emissions (total cost of use) of vehicles. In 2013, Peugeot has reduced the weighted medium emissions of its European ranges: at the end of May, these were 116.3 g/km, improving 121.5 g/km of 2012.
Total researchers work on reducing friction within the engine, contributing to a 5 % decrease in CO2 emissions in ten years in Peugeot engines. Total Excellium high -end fuels also help a reduction in fuel consumption.
The objective of 208 Hybrid Fe is to reduce CO2 emissions by half compared to the most efficient model of 208, with a 1.0 VTI engine, and provide it with benefits close to those of 208 GTI. The strategy is to achieve a continuous improvement of the performance of thermal engines, continue with Downsizing strategies, dissemination of the Stop & Start, electrical propulsion, etc. Hybrid4, diesel-electrical hybridization, is registered in this trend.
208 Hybrid Fe, an efficient design
The design of the floating grill has been reviewed to reduce permeability by 40%, only 5 dm². Indeed, with the evolution made in the engine, its cooling needs are lower.
The simplicity of elements of the body's sides facilitates the progression of air flows. The tires specially developed by Michelin are Tall & Narrow type, that is, of great diameter and little width. They fit a 19 '' aluminum tires in which carbon aerodynamic baffles close the space between the arms.
Some video cameras are responsible for projecting their images on the inner rearview mirror. Thus, there is only a small support on the outside, which evokes sports disciplines, such as resistance. The rear route contributes to efficiency with a 40 mm narrowing that helps reduce the CX. Finally, the roof design is extended in an almost horizontal movement and generates a spoiler on the back gate.
The back, coupe style, has at the bottom of an air extractor that evacuates the flows that circulate without obstacles through the low of the vehicle thanks to its flat bottom. Finally, to maximize the environmental footprint, the 208 Hybrid Fe LED headlights have small vertical drifts, inspired by the Concept-Car Onyx. These appendages send the air flows as far as possible from the body thus minimizing the turbulence generated.
208 Hybrid Fe a 20% lighter
When presented, the Peugeot 208 revolutionized the offer of the segment, especially for its weight from 975 kg in the access finish. This figure is very remarkable but in the future, vehicles must be even lighter but guaranteeing comfort and security.
The material composed of the 208 Hybrid Fe
the 208 Hybrid Fe uses very innovative pointer materials. 208 retains its metal structure. However, elements in composite material replace the body and floor panels, so that the monocoque weight is reduced from 295 to 227 kg.
The exterior skin of one piece (20 kg), the flat background (8 kg), the door panels (2 x 3 kg) and the front bumper are carbon fiber. The hood (5 kg) and fins (2 x 1 kg) are in compound see/carbon, a material that reduces the weight in half and maintains equivalent mechanical properties. It is obtained from a new type of resin that can be used in gross but that can also be painted or dyeing.
Finally, and with the exception of the glass crystals, the rest of the moons are in polycarbonate, allowing 5 kg to win. The 208 Hybrid Fe innova in its application since this material to date was reserved for the headlight crystals. It provides a weight reduction of more than 50% in relation to the classic crystal.
Unpublished rolling axes
The 208 Hybrid Fe rests on pseudo McPherson type axes that include a sheet of composite material of “fiberglass resin”, mounted in a transverse position. This piece replaces several others, such as suspension springs, lower triangles and stabilizer bar. The front sheet has a variable elasticity along its surface. Developed and manufactured by Hutchinson, these two sheets save 20 kg.
Due to its dimensions, the wheels 145/65 R19 reduce the rolling resistance by 20%. They also require less steering wheel effort to guide them, which allow to eliminate management assistance, space is gained under the hood and consumption and weight are reduced.
The tires house large brake discs: 380 mm in diameter for a thickness of 9.6 mm. They have four piston tweezers, 44.5 mm in front and 31.8 mm behind. When braking, the least effort on the pedal and electrical motor intervention allow to eliminate braking assistance.
An efficient and high benefits propeller group
The 208 Hybrid Fe is propelled by a gasoline-electric hybrid engine. A engine switchboard and a specific control system manage the traction chain assembly. Globally, propulsion system performance improves in a remarkable 10%.
Gasoline engine 1.2 VTI-fe of high performance
The three-cylinder engine has received different evolutions: cycle optimization, reduction in friction losses, thermal management ... All these advances are specified in a reduced consumption by 10%, maintaining the power of 68 hp (50 kW).
The Miller cycle has accentuated and the compression ratio has risen from 11: 1 to 16: 1 to increase thermodynamic performance. This, which could cause the self -chrining of the mixture, something potentially dangerous for the engine; Avoid working on different innovations.
Thus, the amount of unburned particles in the combustion chamber has been reduced with the use of larger diameter valves, redesigned exhaust ducts, a different collector and a adapted valve elevation law. On the other hand, thermal exchanges have been optimized in the cylinder crankcase thanks to the water ducts located between the cylinders. The water now crosses the cylinder head in its length to recover calories in each of the heat sources: combustion chambers and between injectors and spark plugs.
The engine adopts direct injection that, with a precise rapport with the closure of the cylinder, maximizes the use of fuel. The variable distribution in admission and escape, expands the optimal performance spectrum to the entire range of revolutions, both at full charge and in partial load.
These different evolutions do not seek, in all cases, power at a high regime. Therefore, the displacement has increased to 1,233 cm3 by increasing the diameter and the race (75 x 93 mm) to keep the 68 hp (50 kW). This progression benefits on the other hand to the maximum torque, which increases by 25%.
The set of mobile parts is specific to 208 Hybrid Fe. The crankshaft is made of nitrured steel, titanium rods and aluminum and copper alloy pistons are carved in a block. Thus, the weight of the motor decreases despite the increase in displacement and those of the cranks and the axes of the piston are reduced by half.
Friction losses are approximately fifth of the power consumed by an engine. In 208 Hybrid Fe have been reduced by about 40% especially by the crankshaft, pistons and axis, segments and tabs. These pieces are covered in Diamond Like Carbon and have been geometrically optimized.
The cylinder head, carved in a single block, has been lightened in half thanks to the reduction of the thickness that has been achieved with its design and with the characteristics of the chosen aluminum. The water circuit and the admission duct have been carried out in a rapid prototype of resins loaded with glass or carbon fibers. To do this, the laser head of a 3D printer fuses successive layers of aluminum dust. In this way a functional piece and a minor cost are quickly obtained.
Built with the same procedure, the bases of the pistons are thus serve both to refrigerate them in an intense use to full load, and to heat the oil more quickly in the starting phase.
The radiator size has been reduced, which favors aerodynamics. The alternator, the starting and the back pineapple have been suppressed to reduce the weight and mechanical losses, but also the space available under the hood.
Pillated transmission
The base of the standard pilot gearbox has remained due to its high performance and the presence of integrated actuators. Block carriers house a cascade of pine nuts to link the electric motor with the differential crown. To reduce friction losses, the teeth of the pine nuts receive a tungsten-chromium carbide treatment.
The grease has been reviewed to reduce the volume of lubricant and avoid the splashes caused by the pinions, something that consumes energy. Now, the lubricant is displaced, in the upper part, by the crown of the bridge before circulating by gravity towards the whole mechanism. Prototype gearbox oil is based on 75 W grade-source oils with a very high viscosity index (greater than 250). By offering a consumption savings of 3%, prefigures lubricants of the future.
From the competition, a low weight fluid fat in proportion to its volume reduces the amount used. Its longevity is assured by a operation at a lower temperature thanks to the reduction of friction. Finally, the bearings of the wheel cubes adopt a special fluid, adherent fat but limits friction losses.
Fuel and lubricant
The 208 Hybrid Fe uses a super 95 fuel. Excellium type performance additives allow them to reduce CO2 emissions of this engine in more than one extra gram per kilometer.
A specific motor oil, with a very low viscosity has been developed by total lubricants from ultra-fluid base oils and with the addition of friction reducers to molybdenum. Degree 0W 12, this oil develops its properties very quickly with a very small time of temperature increase.
A specific architecture
The electric machine combines power and lightness since, with 7 kg, it develops 30 kW in motor and 100 kW in braking. In both modes, its maximum torque is 30 nm. Proportional to vehicle speed, its maximum regime is 40,000 rpm.
This electric machine ensures the reversing functions of the investment of the direction of rotation, and of starting motor. It also facilitates that the car rolls in ZEV mode (pure electric).
The lithium -ion battery, with a useful 2 MJ capacity or 0.56 kWh, is composed of 90 3.5 V cells each arranged by groups, which allows in case of a problem, isolate the defective elements and ensure the mobility of the vehicle.
The battery, which weighs 25 kg, is located, next to the 20 -liter gas tank in a structure that is screwed to the low car at the height of the rear sidewalk. The sports experience justifies this location for its best centered mass.
The modulator and the switchboard are located under the hood in the space that leaves brake assistance free. Hybridization does not, therefore, have any impact inside the car, which retains its habitability.
The principle of operation
in the deceleration phases, both when lifting the foot of the gas and when braking, the vehicle dated priority by the electric motor. The hydraulic circuit only acts in the final phase of the braking, when the car stops.
During this phase, the electric motor works as a receiver to recover energy and recharge the battery. In homologation cycle, this recovery is encrypted by 25%. Then, during the accelerations, the energy is restored and attends the gasoline engine based on different parameters: pressure on the gas pedal and march inserted.
The mixed consumption of the new 208 Hybrid Fe is 2.1 l/100 km.
