Injection and EGR problem

Hello friends, from Argentina. I have a 2008 VW Suran 1.9 SDI diesel with 30,000 km.
At 1,600 rpm, it develops a problem, a jerking in the engine. I took it to a fuel injection shop, they connected a scanner but it didn't show any faults.
This problem, which was almost imperceptible when the car was new, has now become more pronounced.
At the fuel injection shop, they told me that the EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) system is malfunctioning, and that this fault causes excessive exhaust gases to enter the engine, which will eventually damage it.
Is it possible for this problem to appear in such a new engine?
The EGR system apparently has a bulb or sensor that, if the system isn't working, should illuminate the dashboard warning light that indicates any fault, the classic orange engine symbol.
On the other hand, today I removed the oil filler cap on the valve cover with the engine idling and at operating temperature, and there was excessive exhaust fumes. Perhaps this indicates a problem with the EGR system; maybe it's exhaust gases circulating in the upper part of the engine.
I've worked extensively with conventional engines, but not with EGR systems.
I also know that the rotary pump is controlled by an electronic circuit board, which might be causing the problem at 1,600 rpm. The strange thing is that the scanner didn't show any errors.
If anyone has experience with this problem, I would greatly appreciate any help.
Thanks,

Luis

My friend, the truth is that systems equipped with EGR valves have a lot of problems. It's normal that the check engine light isn't coming on because the EGR valve is a valve or actuator, not a sensor. The check engine light only comes on with sensors. Few vehicles are equipped so that the check engine light can recognize an EGR valve failure; Peugeot has it. Now, the problem of excessive emissions is common. What's strange is that your car is almost new; it's not that old and doesn't have that many kilometers. What you can do, or have someone do to you (which is done on other vehicles equipped with this valve), is to remove it from the system, and it won't give you any more problems.

Thank you very much, kikemec, your answer is very clear and concise. This forum is great, thanks again,

Luis.