Hi Panzer. Your black smoke problem with the escape, I think it is more related to the amount of diesel that supplies the injection pump to the motor, which can be excessive and therefore does not burn in its entirety, leaving in the form of black smoke by the exhaust (soot particles).
It can also be because you have the nozzles of the very worn injectors and they do not atomize the fuel in the cylinders, so that the diesel comes out in the form of jets and does not combine well with the air inside the combustion chamber, also producing soot in the exhaust (black smoke).
In either case, you will have to take it to a workshop specialized in diesel engines because I have reviewed the two most frequent breakdowns but there are more breakdowns with the same fume result, p. Ex: Low turbo pressure, stuck EGR valve, little compression, etc.
I insist, in this case the best thing you can do is that the car is seen by a mechanic specialized in diesel engines.
All the best.