Thank you so much for this contribution. It's very important to know how to interpret the data shown by the analyzer to give the client an accurate diagnosis, whether it's a problem with the engine valves, the injection system, or the intake system. NOTE: HERE IN COLOMBIA, CARS FROM '98 ONWARDS ARE REQUIRED TO HAVE A CO-PRINT BELOW 1.0 AND HC-PRINT BELOW 200 PPM. Thanks! Cheers!.
The document is very well prepared. I would like to know the source of the last graph of gases located on page 14, in order to complement my knowledge for teaching practice. Thank you.
Thank you so much for sharing such valuable information. I installed a two-wire lambda sensor on my 1987 Renault 18 and measured the signal with a digital multimeter on the 2V DC scale. This homemade method allowed me to adjust the carburetor.